Exercise as a preventive tool in the progression of hypertension to cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Hypertension (HTN) stands as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the foremost cause of both mortality and morbidity across the globe. Incorporating physical exercise into medical care is important and may aid in the treatment of hypertension and CVD. The frequency and intensity of exercise, particularly moderate levels of physical exercise, are closely linked to decreased adverse cardiovascular events associated with high blood pressure and enhanced health outcomes. After physical training the drop in blood pressure is much higher in hypertension patients, ranging from 6-7 mmHg. Additionally, it might stop or post pone the aging related rise in arterial stiffness. Engaging in physical activity can enhance insulin sensitivity, mitigate plasma dyslipidemia, return raised blood pressure to normal, reduce blood viscosity, encourage the generation of endothelial nitric oxide, and enhance leptin sensitivity.